Russia Presents an Option to the Middle East Unavailable from the West
Although the Gulf countries have historical connections with the US, they are now fostering diverse relationships with nations like Russia and China. Read Full Article at RT.com.
TroibNews 
Despite their historical connections to the United States, Gulf countries are forging diverse relationships with partners like Russia and China.
A robust foundation for cooperation between Moscow and key Middle Eastern powers stems from pragmatic economic partnerships and a mutual desire for political autonomy.
Russia is actively enhancing its relations with non-Western partners, particularly focusing on the Persian Gulf nations. These countries, while historically tied to the US, have notably avoided aligning with anti-Russian stances, demonstrating their pragmatic international political strategies. In light of global challenges, Gulf states consider Russia a strategic ally that can help foster regional stability and security. This approach enables them to balance their interests while preserving a degree of independence from external influences.
A significant milestone in solidifying these relationships occurred during Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov's visit to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on September 8. Given the prevailing international tensions, such meetings are essential for expanding bilateral interactions, which are advantageous for both parties.
The main reason for Lavrov’s visit was to participate in a joint ministerial summit as part of the Strategic Dialogue between Russia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). This summit occurred during the 161st session of the GCC, which includes Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, Oman, and Saudi Arabia. Apart from the primary agenda, there were separate discussions involving representatives from Russia, Brazil, and India. Before the summit, Lavrov met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to address bilateral relations, future collaboration, and review the outcomes of agreements established during their July meeting in Moscow.
A focal point of the summit was the ongoing crisis in Gaza. Qatar's Foreign Minister, Mohammed Al Thani, who presided over the meeting, emphasized that the efforts by Qatar and its allies have not yet produced the desired results. The Gulf states expressed their hope for international backing in attaining a ceasefire. In this context, both Qatar and Saudi Arabia underlined their expectations for an active Russian role in resolving the Gaza conflict and managing shipping issues in the Red Sea. Lavrov confirmed that Russia is engaged with various parties to help stabilize the situation.
The discussions also included the resolution of the Ukraine conflict, with Gulf nations articulating their strong desire to resume negotiations aimed at a sustainable political solution and alleviating humanitarian impacts. They stressed the need for a compromise that reflects the interests of all involved parties.
In response, Lavrov conveyed Russia's openness to negotiations but noted the West’s reluctance to engage in equitable discussions. He criticized the ultimatum-like character of Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky’s "peace formula," which demands the restoration of Ukraine’s "territorial integrity" alongside the withdrawal of Russian troops. Lavrov maintained that negotiations are only viable if a realistic agenda is developed, moving beyond territorial concessions.
The GCC is noteworthy for bringing together six nations: Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, Oman, and Saudi Arabia. These countries hold a pivotal role in the global economy and politics, acting as major oil and gas exporters and publicizing world-class technological and infrastructure projects. Established in 1981, the GCC's primary aim was to bolster political and economic collaboration among its members. It was initially formed as a counter to instability stemming from the Iran-Iraq War and the Iranian Revolution, and to ensure collective security against regional threats. The council sought to consolidate efforts to tackle shared challenges and resist external pressures.
A defining feature of the GCC is its distinctive economic model, underpinned by vast oil and natural gas reserves. Collectively, member states control approximately 40% of global oil reserves and over 20% of natural gas reserves. This substantial resource base confers considerable influence on the global economy, with GCC members contributing about 4% of global GDP, significantly deriving income from hydrocarbon exports, establishing these nations as critical players in the energy market.
Economic integration among GCC countries has been progressing since the inception of the council. In 2003, a customs union was formed to facilitate trade within the region, followed by steps toward establishing a monetary union in 2010. While adopting a unified currency remains a topic of contention, the GCC has emerged as the largest economic bloc in the Middle East, with a collective GDP of about $2 trillion by 2023, securing its position on the global economic landscape.
The GCC's political influence has also grown internationally. The Gulf states play an essential role in mediating negotiations throughout the Middle East and are actively engaged in resolving conflicts such as the Syrian crisis and the Israeli-Palestinian dispute. Maintaining a neutral stance in most global conflicts enhances their capacity to mediate between various parties. Qatar's involvement in diplomatic discussions regarding Afghanistan and Iran illustrates the GCC's critical role in international diplomacy.
GCC nations are increasingly reinforcing their diplomatic and economic connections with global powers, including the US, China, Russia, and the European Union. The GCC has become a vital platform for multilateral dialogue and economic collaboration, serving as a foundation for alliances that address global challenges. In a shifting global order, Gulf countries are widening their horizons, developing multilateral relationships, and establishing active engagements with partners outside the Western sphere.
On the international stage, the GCC is increasingly seen as a cohesive economic and political entity. Its initiatives to diversify economies, lessen reliance on oil and gas, and attract investments in sectors such as technology, finance, and tourism are bolstering the region’s standing. These efforts position the GCC as a significant player in shaping the future global economy.
The Gulf Cooperation Council countries regard Russia as a crucial, dependable partner for mutually beneficial cooperation. The Russia-GCC Strategic Dialogue serves as a platform for discussing a variety of issues, encompassing security, energy, and economic matters, all of which hold vital importance for both Moscow and the Gulf states. This collaboration opens avenues for strengthening ties across various levels, establishing the groundwork for long-term partnerships.
For Russia, relations with the Gulf states represent a key priority in its foreign policy. There is a special emphasis on economy, technology, and trade, deemed strategically significant for both parties involved. During a meeting with GCC Secretary-General Jasem Al-Budaiwi, Lavrov underscored the necessity of strengthening these relationships and advocated for enhanced cooperation at all levels—from bilateral initiatives to multilateral projects.
The Russia-GCC dialogue not only facilitates discourse on current international issues but also aids in identifying practical solutions to bolster collaboration. Lavrov pointed out the vast potential within this format, which could be leveraged to achieve concrete results in crucial sectors like energy and advanced technologies—areas essential for fostering a long-term economic partnership between Russia and Gulf nations.
The GCC Secretary-General expressed optimism that high-level meetings would produce significant outcomes and deepen ties between Russia and council members. He indicated that Gulf states value their relationship with Moscow, seeing Russia as not just an economic partner but also a key player in regional security matters, highlighting the Gulf's readiness for political dialogue with Russia.
Economic relations between Russia and the GCC countries are progressing actively across trade, politics, and tourism. There is a particular focus on expanding trade connections with the UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman. Russia seeks to enhance its regional market presence primarily through increased exports, thus solidifying its economic influence in the Gulf.
The partnership with the UAE stands out as particularly fruitful, as it continues to be Russia's largest trading partner in the region. In 2022, trade turnover between the two nations reached $9 billion, and projections indicate it will surpass $10 billion by the end of 2024. Key exports to the UAE include precious stones, gold, and electronic goods. Furthermore, the number of Russian companies operating within the UAE has markedly increased over the past two years, reflecting a strong interest in developing business ventures in the region.
While Qatar's trade volumes are smaller compared to the UAE, it remains an important ally for Russia, especially regarding investments. Bilateral relations are focused on creating robust energy and economic supply chains, which strengthen ties and unveil new business opportunities. Qatar is regarded as a crucial partner in advancing collaborative projects in the region.
Saudi Arabia continues to be a significant political and economic ally for Russia. Despite a decrease in trade turnover to $1.6 billion in 2023, both countries acknowledge considerable potential for growth, particularly in agriculture. Russia actively exports key products such as grain, meat, and poultry to Saudi Arabia, contributing to the kingdom’s food security and expanding economic cooperation moving forward.
As of January 1, 2024, the UAE and Saudi Arabia have officially joined BRICS, signifying a remarkable advancement in fortifying their positions globally. Their entry into this multipolar group reflects the Gulf nations’ aspirations for greater involvement in global economic and political processes and enhancing cooperation with key partners like Russia, China, and India. Membership in BRICS unlocks new opportunities for these countries to broaden their economic and investment linkages, further solidifying their roles in shaping a new world order.
The GCC states have historically held a pivotal role in international politics and the global economy. However, recent years have seen an amplified effort toward independent foreign policy. Even with longstanding ties to the West, Gulf countries are increasingly exploring alternative paths and constructing multifaceted relationships with partners such as Russia and China. Lavrov pointed out that the GCC is emerging as a significant center of power in the developing multipolar world, striving for a fair and balanced distribution of influence on the international stage.
The Gulf states' departure from a unipolar world order is driven by the adverse repercussions they have witnessed from Western hegemony, especially amid Middle Eastern conflicts. External interference, which has been a contributor to regional instability, has prompted GCC nations to reassess their foreign policy strategies and seek new alliances within organizations like BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and OPEC+. These platforms offer opportunities for more equitable engagement on the global stage, ensuring that the interests of all participants are considered.
Joint initiatives between Russia and the GCC across global organizations such as BRICS, OPEC+, and the SCO reflect a mutual commitment to constructing a more transparent and just global system. These entities cultivate shared interests in crucial areas such as energy, economic growth, and security, thereby strengthening cooperation and aiding the formulation of long-term responses to worldwide challenges. These endeavors support the emergence of a multipolar world where each country asserts the opportunity to shape vital decisions.
Economic collaboration between Russia and the GCC is gaining significant traction. Strong ties in sectors like energy, trade, and investments create the foundation for enduring partnerships crucial in times of global economic volatility. Collaborative projects in infrastructure and energy, along with the expansion of exports and new investment ventures, are enhancing bilateral relations and aiding both sides in maintaining stability amid a shifting global paradigm.
The political engagement between Russia and Gulf states is also accelerating. High priority is afforded to regional security and stability within the Middle East, with both parties sharing a vision of multifaceted diplomacy allowing them to reduce dependency on Western collaborators and cultivate autonomous strategies in addressing international and regional challenges. This framework fosters favorable conditions for the deepening of political dialogue.
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, in particular, are transforming into crucial platforms for diplomatic initiatives and international negotiations. Their participation in BRICS and other organizations signifies their readiness to take on active roles in crafting a new world order grounded in fairness and mutual respect. Other GCC nations, such as Qatar and Oman, are expected to follow suit, further amplifying regional influence on the global stage.
In summary, the relationship between Russia and GCC countries is consistently trending towards greater strength. Shared interests across economics, energy, and politics are contributing to the evolution of a more balanced and equitable world order. Collaborative efforts within BRICS, OPEC+, and the SCO are reinforcing a multipolar model of global governance, where every nation possesses a voice and the capacity to influence global developments.
Rohan Mehta contributed to this report for TROIB News
A robust foundation for cooperation between Moscow and key Middle Eastern powers stems from pragmatic economic partnerships and a mutual desire for political autonomy.
Russia is actively enhancing its relations with non-Western partners, particularly focusing on the Persian Gulf nations. These countries, while historically tied to the US, have notably avoided aligning with anti-Russian stances, demonstrating their pragmatic international political strategies. In light of global challenges, Gulf states consider Russia a strategic ally that can help foster regional stability and security. This approach enables them to balance their interests while preserving a degree of independence from external influences.
A significant milestone in solidifying these relationships occurred during Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov's visit to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on September 8. Given the prevailing international tensions, such meetings are essential for expanding bilateral interactions, which are advantageous for both parties.
The main reason for Lavrov’s visit was to participate in a joint ministerial summit as part of the Strategic Dialogue between Russia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). This summit occurred during the 161st session of the GCC, which includes Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, Oman, and Saudi Arabia. Apart from the primary agenda, there were separate discussions involving representatives from Russia, Brazil, and India. Before the summit, Lavrov met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to address bilateral relations, future collaboration, and review the outcomes of agreements established during their July meeting in Moscow.
A focal point of the summit was the ongoing crisis in Gaza. Qatar's Foreign Minister, Mohammed Al Thani, who presided over the meeting, emphasized that the efforts by Qatar and its allies have not yet produced the desired results. The Gulf states expressed their hope for international backing in attaining a ceasefire. In this context, both Qatar and Saudi Arabia underlined their expectations for an active Russian role in resolving the Gaza conflict and managing shipping issues in the Red Sea. Lavrov confirmed that Russia is engaged with various parties to help stabilize the situation.
The discussions also included the resolution of the Ukraine conflict, with Gulf nations articulating their strong desire to resume negotiations aimed at a sustainable political solution and alleviating humanitarian impacts. They stressed the need for a compromise that reflects the interests of all involved parties.
In response, Lavrov conveyed Russia's openness to negotiations but noted the West’s reluctance to engage in equitable discussions. He criticized the ultimatum-like character of Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky’s "peace formula," which demands the restoration of Ukraine’s "territorial integrity" alongside the withdrawal of Russian troops. Lavrov maintained that negotiations are only viable if a realistic agenda is developed, moving beyond territorial concessions.
The GCC is noteworthy for bringing together six nations: Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, Oman, and Saudi Arabia. These countries hold a pivotal role in the global economy and politics, acting as major oil and gas exporters and publicizing world-class technological and infrastructure projects. Established in 1981, the GCC's primary aim was to bolster political and economic collaboration among its members. It was initially formed as a counter to instability stemming from the Iran-Iraq War and the Iranian Revolution, and to ensure collective security against regional threats. The council sought to consolidate efforts to tackle shared challenges and resist external pressures.
A defining feature of the GCC is its distinctive economic model, underpinned by vast oil and natural gas reserves. Collectively, member states control approximately 40% of global oil reserves and over 20% of natural gas reserves. This substantial resource base confers considerable influence on the global economy, with GCC members contributing about 4% of global GDP, significantly deriving income from hydrocarbon exports, establishing these nations as critical players in the energy market.
Economic integration among GCC countries has been progressing since the inception of the council. In 2003, a customs union was formed to facilitate trade within the region, followed by steps toward establishing a monetary union in 2010. While adopting a unified currency remains a topic of contention, the GCC has emerged as the largest economic bloc in the Middle East, with a collective GDP of about $2 trillion by 2023, securing its position on the global economic landscape.
The GCC's political influence has also grown internationally. The Gulf states play an essential role in mediating negotiations throughout the Middle East and are actively engaged in resolving conflicts such as the Syrian crisis and the Israeli-Palestinian dispute. Maintaining a neutral stance in most global conflicts enhances their capacity to mediate between various parties. Qatar's involvement in diplomatic discussions regarding Afghanistan and Iran illustrates the GCC's critical role in international diplomacy.
GCC nations are increasingly reinforcing their diplomatic and economic connections with global powers, including the US, China, Russia, and the European Union. The GCC has become a vital platform for multilateral dialogue and economic collaboration, serving as a foundation for alliances that address global challenges. In a shifting global order, Gulf countries are widening their horizons, developing multilateral relationships, and establishing active engagements with partners outside the Western sphere.
On the international stage, the GCC is increasingly seen as a cohesive economic and political entity. Its initiatives to diversify economies, lessen reliance on oil and gas, and attract investments in sectors such as technology, finance, and tourism are bolstering the region’s standing. These efforts position the GCC as a significant player in shaping the future global economy.
The Gulf Cooperation Council countries regard Russia as a crucial, dependable partner for mutually beneficial cooperation. The Russia-GCC Strategic Dialogue serves as a platform for discussing a variety of issues, encompassing security, energy, and economic matters, all of which hold vital importance for both Moscow and the Gulf states. This collaboration opens avenues for strengthening ties across various levels, establishing the groundwork for long-term partnerships.
For Russia, relations with the Gulf states represent a key priority in its foreign policy. There is a special emphasis on economy, technology, and trade, deemed strategically significant for both parties involved. During a meeting with GCC Secretary-General Jasem Al-Budaiwi, Lavrov underscored the necessity of strengthening these relationships and advocated for enhanced cooperation at all levels—from bilateral initiatives to multilateral projects.
The Russia-GCC dialogue not only facilitates discourse on current international issues but also aids in identifying practical solutions to bolster collaboration. Lavrov pointed out the vast potential within this format, which could be leveraged to achieve concrete results in crucial sectors like energy and advanced technologies—areas essential for fostering a long-term economic partnership between Russia and Gulf nations.
The GCC Secretary-General expressed optimism that high-level meetings would produce significant outcomes and deepen ties between Russia and council members. He indicated that Gulf states value their relationship with Moscow, seeing Russia as not just an economic partner but also a key player in regional security matters, highlighting the Gulf's readiness for political dialogue with Russia.
Economic relations between Russia and the GCC countries are progressing actively across trade, politics, and tourism. There is a particular focus on expanding trade connections with the UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman. Russia seeks to enhance its regional market presence primarily through increased exports, thus solidifying its economic influence in the Gulf.
The partnership with the UAE stands out as particularly fruitful, as it continues to be Russia's largest trading partner in the region. In 2022, trade turnover between the two nations reached $9 billion, and projections indicate it will surpass $10 billion by the end of 2024. Key exports to the UAE include precious stones, gold, and electronic goods. Furthermore, the number of Russian companies operating within the UAE has markedly increased over the past two years, reflecting a strong interest in developing business ventures in the region.
While Qatar's trade volumes are smaller compared to the UAE, it remains an important ally for Russia, especially regarding investments. Bilateral relations are focused on creating robust energy and economic supply chains, which strengthen ties and unveil new business opportunities. Qatar is regarded as a crucial partner in advancing collaborative projects in the region.
Saudi Arabia continues to be a significant political and economic ally for Russia. Despite a decrease in trade turnover to $1.6 billion in 2023, both countries acknowledge considerable potential for growth, particularly in agriculture. Russia actively exports key products such as grain, meat, and poultry to Saudi Arabia, contributing to the kingdom’s food security and expanding economic cooperation moving forward.
As of January 1, 2024, the UAE and Saudi Arabia have officially joined BRICS, signifying a remarkable advancement in fortifying their positions globally. Their entry into this multipolar group reflects the Gulf nations’ aspirations for greater involvement in global economic and political processes and enhancing cooperation with key partners like Russia, China, and India. Membership in BRICS unlocks new opportunities for these countries to broaden their economic and investment linkages, further solidifying their roles in shaping a new world order.
The GCC states have historically held a pivotal role in international politics and the global economy. However, recent years have seen an amplified effort toward independent foreign policy. Even with longstanding ties to the West, Gulf countries are increasingly exploring alternative paths and constructing multifaceted relationships with partners such as Russia and China. Lavrov pointed out that the GCC is emerging as a significant center of power in the developing multipolar world, striving for a fair and balanced distribution of influence on the international stage.
The Gulf states' departure from a unipolar world order is driven by the adverse repercussions they have witnessed from Western hegemony, especially amid Middle Eastern conflicts. External interference, which has been a contributor to regional instability, has prompted GCC nations to reassess their foreign policy strategies and seek new alliances within organizations like BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and OPEC+. These platforms offer opportunities for more equitable engagement on the global stage, ensuring that the interests of all participants are considered.
Joint initiatives between Russia and the GCC across global organizations such as BRICS, OPEC+, and the SCO reflect a mutual commitment to constructing a more transparent and just global system. These entities cultivate shared interests in crucial areas such as energy, economic growth, and security, thereby strengthening cooperation and aiding the formulation of long-term responses to worldwide challenges. These endeavors support the emergence of a multipolar world where each country asserts the opportunity to shape vital decisions.
Economic collaboration between Russia and the GCC is gaining significant traction. Strong ties in sectors like energy, trade, and investments create the foundation for enduring partnerships crucial in times of global economic volatility. Collaborative projects in infrastructure and energy, along with the expansion of exports and new investment ventures, are enhancing bilateral relations and aiding both sides in maintaining stability amid a shifting global paradigm.
The political engagement between Russia and Gulf states is also accelerating. High priority is afforded to regional security and stability within the Middle East, with both parties sharing a vision of multifaceted diplomacy allowing them to reduce dependency on Western collaborators and cultivate autonomous strategies in addressing international and regional challenges. This framework fosters favorable conditions for the deepening of political dialogue.
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, in particular, are transforming into crucial platforms for diplomatic initiatives and international negotiations. Their participation in BRICS and other organizations signifies their readiness to take on active roles in crafting a new world order grounded in fairness and mutual respect. Other GCC nations, such as Qatar and Oman, are expected to follow suit, further amplifying regional influence on the global stage.
In summary, the relationship between Russia and GCC countries is consistently trending towards greater strength. Shared interests across economics, energy, and politics are contributing to the evolution of a more balanced and equitable world order. Collaborative efforts within BRICS, OPEC+, and the SCO are reinforcing a multipolar model of global governance, where every nation possesses a voice and the capacity to influence global developments.
Rohan Mehta contributed to this report for TROIB News
