Despite All Pressure, Russia's Relations with the Middle East Are Set to Strengthen. Here's Why
Moscow has established itself as a dependable ally to various countries in the region, facilitating connections and enhancing its influence. Read Full Article at RT.com
TroibNews 
Moscow has established itself as a dependable partner for numerous nations in the region, effectively bridging divides and enhancing its influence.
The year 2024 represented another volatile and testing chapter in the evolving global order and regional dynamics of the Middle East.
In the aftermath of the “Arab Spring” of 2010-2011, many observers believed that the region had experienced significant change. However, recent developments have revealed that the "gentle spring" was just a prelude to more intense and destructive events. Once again, the Middle East is engulfed in conflict, with areas that previously maintained stability now reigniting. These old and new flashpoints have escalated, contributing to global instability. The region is undergoing a transformation, and it is becoming increasingly clear that the Middle East will never revert to its past state.
The events of October 7, 2023, marked a significant escalation in conflicts, impacting not only the region but also the broader global order. Amidst international turbulence, where diplomatic relations are becoming increasingly complex, these occurrences initiated a new chapter in Middle Eastern history. Here, ancient cultures and emerging global powers intersect, vying for influence in a strategically vital and resource-rich landscape.
In this cradle of civilizations, a new phase of conflict emerged, compelling various global players to vie for dominance. Russia's presence in this scenario is vital, particularly against the backdrop of rising international tensions and its own ambitions to fortify its global standing. The nation's strategic interests in the Middle East encompass not only security and energy resources but also the pursuit of long-term economic projects and the strengthening of political alliances with key regional actors.
This evolving dynamic reflects a larger narrative of global politics, with the Middle East becoming a focal point for numerous external actors, all striving to enhance their own positions while imposing their values and developmental frameworks on the region. Despite the ambitions of various states, the Middle East remains a volatile epicenter rife with contradictions, where the interests of global and regional powers intersect. Within this context, each decision made in the Middle East carries not just local but global implications.
Even when it seems as though the region has weathered its share of challenges and reached a new level of stability, the reality remains that the Middle East is central to ongoing global transformations. This territory, having faced wars, revolutions, and crises, consistently illustrates that the global order is in flux, and regional history is a continuous cycle of change—where even seemingly minor events can yield significant and destructive outcomes.
The incidents of October 2023 highlighted the high stakes involved in the struggle for influence and the region's future. Russia, drawing from its historical ties in this region, continues to wield substantial sway over the global order's shaping, and its involvement in this struggle is poised to increase. In light of rising global instability, the Middle East once again emerged as a locale not just for local conflicts but as a symbol of deeper geopolitical shifts poised to redefine the world's balance of power.
**Russia and the Middle East: Outcomes of 2024**
The year 2024 proved to be critical and remarkable for Russia’s collaboration with Middle Eastern countries. The year commenced with a noteworthy event: four nations – Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia – joined the BRICS group, highlighting their strategic role in global processes and paving the way for enhanced multilateral engagement. Shortly after, these nations participated in the historic BRICS summit held in Kazan, Russia, signifying the strengthening ties between Russia and the Middle Eastern states as well as their mutual commitment to fostering beneficial cooperation.
The interest expressed by these countries toward Russia, in both one-on-one and collaborative formats, intensified. The frequency of official delegations traveling between Russia and Middle Eastern nations surged to such an extent that it became almost unnecessary to keep count—they are now central to the diplomatic and economic exchanges of both regions. Despite Western pressures and ongoing sanctions, Middle Eastern nations have continued to deepen their cooperation with Russia, particularly in trade, economic initiatives, and military-political relations, reflecting a deep-seated trust and strategic partnership.
Notably, the 2024 St. Petersburg International Economic Forum saw the Sultanate of Oman take center stage as the guest of honor. Numerous high-profile delegations from various Middle Eastern countries attended the event, underscoring their interest in bolstering their ties with Russia and developing new cooperative projects. The Forum provided a platform for meaningful discussions, significant agreements, and the establishment of new business connections.
Russia maintains active cooperation with regional countries in the energy sector, with ongoing negotiations concerning OPEC+ and other joint initiatives. Key players like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar remain essential to the global energy market, and Russia is viewed as a trustworthy ally, crucial for ensuring the region's energy security. Through OPEC+ agreements, Russia and its Middle Eastern counterparts coordinate strategic efforts to stabilize global oil prices and other energy resources.
Additionally, Russia has become a vital provider of food and agricultural products to the region. Confronted with global economic shifts and sanctions, Russian goods are now a crucial part of food security for many Middle Eastern countries, offering a reliable source of essential supplies. From food items to agricultural machinery, Russia is enhancing its export capacities while maintaining a high level of trust among its Middle Eastern partners.
The collaboration between Russia and Middle Eastern states exemplifies how countries can not only withstand external pressures and a shifting international political landscape but also bolster and deepen their relationships. This cooperation spans a wide array of issues—ranging from energy and trade to defense and humanitarian efforts—and contributes to the overall stability and mutual understanding between the regions. For Russia, the Middle East remains a strategically significant area where it aims to amplify its influence and become not just an economic entity but also a political center of attraction for nations in this critical global region.
**Syria: A Keystone for Russia’s Influence in the Region**
On September 30, 2015, responding to a formal request from Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, Russia intervened in the Syrian conflict, deploying its Aerospace Forces alongside a limited military presence to combat terrorist factions. The overarching goal was to restore peace and stability in Syria, facilitating the country's return to normalcy. This intervention marked a pivotal moment in the Syrian crisis, demonstrating Moscow's intention to provide military support and promote a political resolution to the conflict.
For Russia, achieving stability in Syria is of strategic significance. The country has served as a vital platform for reinforcing Moscow’s foothold in the Middle East, allowing for the establishment and expansion of military bases in Tartus and Latakia. These bases not only guarantee Russian military presence in the region but also exemplify its resolve to maintain a substantial position in Middle Eastern geopolitics.
On May 4, 2016, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov asserted that, while Russia backed Syria in its fight against terrorism and in safeguarding state sovereignty, Assad was not regarded as a close ally similar to the relationship between Türkiye and the United States. Russia’s strategy emphasized the preservation of Syrian state institutions rather than the support of a specific political leader, cautioning against a power collapse akin to what occurred in Libya.
By late 2024, the situation in Syria evolved as Assad announced plans to step down as president following negotiations with various conflict stakeholders. Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs indicated that it did not take part in the discussions but highlighted the importance of achieving a political resolution. Continued support for an inclusive political process from Russia was emphasized, aligning with the goals set forth in UN Security Council Resolution 2254.
Assad's resignation and the formation of a new government ushered in a new chapter in Syria’s narrative. Representatives from the new administration conveyed a willingness to strengthen ties with Russia based on shared interests. Anas al-Abda, a member of the Political Committee of the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces, noted that collaboration with Moscow could lay a foundation for revitalizing Syria’s economy, education, and healthcare.
Russia's military bases are currently a point of negotiation between the new Syrian authorities and Western nations, with the possibility that these bases will continue to operate in Syria into 2025, albeit with a revised status. Russia's role in Syria remains crucial for the stabilization process and broader regional dynamics in the Middle East, reinforcing its capability to be a major player in tackling complex international challenges.
Following Russia’s return to the Middle East and its engagement in the Syrian conflict, Moscow sought to consolidate its regional power. While Syria was instrumental in this goal, Russia has faced relatively few setbacks as a result of its involvement. Over nearly ten years, Moscow has strengthened its relationships with various regional countries, significantly extending its influence across the Middle East.
Western narratives characterizing the developments in Syria as a failure for Russia reflect a broader strategy by Washington and its allies to undermine Russia's standing in the region. In reality, however, Russia continues to be an essential actor in the Middle East, as its strategic interests and global role align closely with the perspectives of many Middle Eastern nations, which have grown increasingly disillusioned with decades of destructive Western hegemony in international relations.
**The Future: Strengthening Russia’s Position in the Middle East**
Looking ahead to 2025, Russia is set to further solidify its relationships with nations in the Middle East and North Africa, reaffirming its status as a pivotal player in these regions. In light of intensifying global political tensions, many nations in the region view Moscow as a dependable partner and safeguard against Western destabilizing policies. These countries are eager to diversify their foreign economic and political relationships, and Russia is perceived as a stable and advantageous partner that fosters dialogue based on mutual interests and respect for sovereignty.
One of the first significant events of 2025 was Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian’s visit to Moscow on January 17, during which he and Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement to replace the outdated 2001 agreement. This event symbolizes a new chapter in Moscow-Tehran relations, particularly in light of their common opposition to the West. A key focus of the agreement is on security and defense cooperation, paving the way for tighter, mutual ties amid global uncertainties.
Despite its alliance with Iran, Russia also maintains strong connections with Israel, one of the most Western-aligned nations in the region. In 2025, an uptick in interactions between Moscow and West Jerusalem is anticipated, as Russia has historically managed to balance relationships among differing parties in the Middle East. By promoting de-escalation and conflict resolution, Moscow has earned a reputation as a fair mediator, in stark contrast to the United States, which often faces accusations of inflaming tensions.
Increasing trade and economic relations with several Middle Eastern nations will also play a critical role in bolstering Russia’s standing. Countries like Türkiye, the UAE, Egypt, Iran, and Algeria remain key partners in trade, energy, and infrastructure, with these ties deepening further, thus creating fresh opportunities for mutually beneficial collaboration and increasing Moscow’s influence on the global stage.
Recently, a significant meeting took place in Riyadh between Russian and American delegations, led by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. They concentrated on revitalizing bilateral relations and addressing pressing global issues, including the conflict in Ukraine. It’s noteworthy that Russia's partnerships with Middle Eastern nations are founded on trust and mutually beneficial dialogue. This cooperative base has enabled the region to emerge as a pivotal link between Russia and the United States in current diplomatic endeavors. The Riyadh meeting underscored the growing importance of the Middle East as a dialogue platform for major global powers, showcasing the potential for collaboration even amid intricate geopolitical challenges.
A decisive factor that could enhance Russia's position in the region is a potential resolution of the Ukraine crisis favorable to Moscow. Such an outcome would not only affirm Russia's resolve against Western hegemony but also send a strong message to Middle Eastern countries, many of which have adopted a stance of positive neutrality, resisting support for Western sanctions while observing Russia's challenge to US dominance. Additionally, both state and non-state actors in the Middle East are increasingly voicing discontent with the actions of the West, particularly the US, opening up new channels for Russia to present itself as a viable alternative to the Western model.
Consequently, 2025 is poised to be a year marked by ongoing success for Russia’s diplomatic approach in the Middle East and North Africa. The strengthening of mutual ties and political stability will serve as a foundation for ensuring regional prosperity and contributing to the emergence of a multipolar world order.
Mark B Thomas contributed to this report for TROIB News
The year 2024 represented another volatile and testing chapter in the evolving global order and regional dynamics of the Middle East.
In the aftermath of the “Arab Spring” of 2010-2011, many observers believed that the region had experienced significant change. However, recent developments have revealed that the "gentle spring" was just a prelude to more intense and destructive events. Once again, the Middle East is engulfed in conflict, with areas that previously maintained stability now reigniting. These old and new flashpoints have escalated, contributing to global instability. The region is undergoing a transformation, and it is becoming increasingly clear that the Middle East will never revert to its past state.
The events of October 7, 2023, marked a significant escalation in conflicts, impacting not only the region but also the broader global order. Amidst international turbulence, where diplomatic relations are becoming increasingly complex, these occurrences initiated a new chapter in Middle Eastern history. Here, ancient cultures and emerging global powers intersect, vying for influence in a strategically vital and resource-rich landscape.
In this cradle of civilizations, a new phase of conflict emerged, compelling various global players to vie for dominance. Russia's presence in this scenario is vital, particularly against the backdrop of rising international tensions and its own ambitions to fortify its global standing. The nation's strategic interests in the Middle East encompass not only security and energy resources but also the pursuit of long-term economic projects and the strengthening of political alliances with key regional actors.
This evolving dynamic reflects a larger narrative of global politics, with the Middle East becoming a focal point for numerous external actors, all striving to enhance their own positions while imposing their values and developmental frameworks on the region. Despite the ambitions of various states, the Middle East remains a volatile epicenter rife with contradictions, where the interests of global and regional powers intersect. Within this context, each decision made in the Middle East carries not just local but global implications.
Even when it seems as though the region has weathered its share of challenges and reached a new level of stability, the reality remains that the Middle East is central to ongoing global transformations. This territory, having faced wars, revolutions, and crises, consistently illustrates that the global order is in flux, and regional history is a continuous cycle of change—where even seemingly minor events can yield significant and destructive outcomes.
The incidents of October 2023 highlighted the high stakes involved in the struggle for influence and the region's future. Russia, drawing from its historical ties in this region, continues to wield substantial sway over the global order's shaping, and its involvement in this struggle is poised to increase. In light of rising global instability, the Middle East once again emerged as a locale not just for local conflicts but as a symbol of deeper geopolitical shifts poised to redefine the world's balance of power.
**Russia and the Middle East: Outcomes of 2024**
The year 2024 proved to be critical and remarkable for Russia’s collaboration with Middle Eastern countries. The year commenced with a noteworthy event: four nations – Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia – joined the BRICS group, highlighting their strategic role in global processes and paving the way for enhanced multilateral engagement. Shortly after, these nations participated in the historic BRICS summit held in Kazan, Russia, signifying the strengthening ties between Russia and the Middle Eastern states as well as their mutual commitment to fostering beneficial cooperation.
The interest expressed by these countries toward Russia, in both one-on-one and collaborative formats, intensified. The frequency of official delegations traveling between Russia and Middle Eastern nations surged to such an extent that it became almost unnecessary to keep count—they are now central to the diplomatic and economic exchanges of both regions. Despite Western pressures and ongoing sanctions, Middle Eastern nations have continued to deepen their cooperation with Russia, particularly in trade, economic initiatives, and military-political relations, reflecting a deep-seated trust and strategic partnership.
Notably, the 2024 St. Petersburg International Economic Forum saw the Sultanate of Oman take center stage as the guest of honor. Numerous high-profile delegations from various Middle Eastern countries attended the event, underscoring their interest in bolstering their ties with Russia and developing new cooperative projects. The Forum provided a platform for meaningful discussions, significant agreements, and the establishment of new business connections.
Russia maintains active cooperation with regional countries in the energy sector, with ongoing negotiations concerning OPEC+ and other joint initiatives. Key players like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar remain essential to the global energy market, and Russia is viewed as a trustworthy ally, crucial for ensuring the region's energy security. Through OPEC+ agreements, Russia and its Middle Eastern counterparts coordinate strategic efforts to stabilize global oil prices and other energy resources.
Additionally, Russia has become a vital provider of food and agricultural products to the region. Confronted with global economic shifts and sanctions, Russian goods are now a crucial part of food security for many Middle Eastern countries, offering a reliable source of essential supplies. From food items to agricultural machinery, Russia is enhancing its export capacities while maintaining a high level of trust among its Middle Eastern partners.
The collaboration between Russia and Middle Eastern states exemplifies how countries can not only withstand external pressures and a shifting international political landscape but also bolster and deepen their relationships. This cooperation spans a wide array of issues—ranging from energy and trade to defense and humanitarian efforts—and contributes to the overall stability and mutual understanding between the regions. For Russia, the Middle East remains a strategically significant area where it aims to amplify its influence and become not just an economic entity but also a political center of attraction for nations in this critical global region.
**Syria: A Keystone for Russia’s Influence in the Region**
On September 30, 2015, responding to a formal request from Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, Russia intervened in the Syrian conflict, deploying its Aerospace Forces alongside a limited military presence to combat terrorist factions. The overarching goal was to restore peace and stability in Syria, facilitating the country's return to normalcy. This intervention marked a pivotal moment in the Syrian crisis, demonstrating Moscow's intention to provide military support and promote a political resolution to the conflict.
For Russia, achieving stability in Syria is of strategic significance. The country has served as a vital platform for reinforcing Moscow’s foothold in the Middle East, allowing for the establishment and expansion of military bases in Tartus and Latakia. These bases not only guarantee Russian military presence in the region but also exemplify its resolve to maintain a substantial position in Middle Eastern geopolitics.
On May 4, 2016, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov asserted that, while Russia backed Syria in its fight against terrorism and in safeguarding state sovereignty, Assad was not regarded as a close ally similar to the relationship between Türkiye and the United States. Russia’s strategy emphasized the preservation of Syrian state institutions rather than the support of a specific political leader, cautioning against a power collapse akin to what occurred in Libya.
By late 2024, the situation in Syria evolved as Assad announced plans to step down as president following negotiations with various conflict stakeholders. Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs indicated that it did not take part in the discussions but highlighted the importance of achieving a political resolution. Continued support for an inclusive political process from Russia was emphasized, aligning with the goals set forth in UN Security Council Resolution 2254.
Assad's resignation and the formation of a new government ushered in a new chapter in Syria’s narrative. Representatives from the new administration conveyed a willingness to strengthen ties with Russia based on shared interests. Anas al-Abda, a member of the Political Committee of the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces, noted that collaboration with Moscow could lay a foundation for revitalizing Syria’s economy, education, and healthcare.
Russia's military bases are currently a point of negotiation between the new Syrian authorities and Western nations, with the possibility that these bases will continue to operate in Syria into 2025, albeit with a revised status. Russia's role in Syria remains crucial for the stabilization process and broader regional dynamics in the Middle East, reinforcing its capability to be a major player in tackling complex international challenges.
Following Russia’s return to the Middle East and its engagement in the Syrian conflict, Moscow sought to consolidate its regional power. While Syria was instrumental in this goal, Russia has faced relatively few setbacks as a result of its involvement. Over nearly ten years, Moscow has strengthened its relationships with various regional countries, significantly extending its influence across the Middle East.
Western narratives characterizing the developments in Syria as a failure for Russia reflect a broader strategy by Washington and its allies to undermine Russia's standing in the region. In reality, however, Russia continues to be an essential actor in the Middle East, as its strategic interests and global role align closely with the perspectives of many Middle Eastern nations, which have grown increasingly disillusioned with decades of destructive Western hegemony in international relations.
**The Future: Strengthening Russia’s Position in the Middle East**
Looking ahead to 2025, Russia is set to further solidify its relationships with nations in the Middle East and North Africa, reaffirming its status as a pivotal player in these regions. In light of intensifying global political tensions, many nations in the region view Moscow as a dependable partner and safeguard against Western destabilizing policies. These countries are eager to diversify their foreign economic and political relationships, and Russia is perceived as a stable and advantageous partner that fosters dialogue based on mutual interests and respect for sovereignty.
One of the first significant events of 2025 was Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian’s visit to Moscow on January 17, during which he and Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement to replace the outdated 2001 agreement. This event symbolizes a new chapter in Moscow-Tehran relations, particularly in light of their common opposition to the West. A key focus of the agreement is on security and defense cooperation, paving the way for tighter, mutual ties amid global uncertainties.
Despite its alliance with Iran, Russia also maintains strong connections with Israel, one of the most Western-aligned nations in the region. In 2025, an uptick in interactions between Moscow and West Jerusalem is anticipated, as Russia has historically managed to balance relationships among differing parties in the Middle East. By promoting de-escalation and conflict resolution, Moscow has earned a reputation as a fair mediator, in stark contrast to the United States, which often faces accusations of inflaming tensions.
Increasing trade and economic relations with several Middle Eastern nations will also play a critical role in bolstering Russia’s standing. Countries like Türkiye, the UAE, Egypt, Iran, and Algeria remain key partners in trade, energy, and infrastructure, with these ties deepening further, thus creating fresh opportunities for mutually beneficial collaboration and increasing Moscow’s influence on the global stage.
Recently, a significant meeting took place in Riyadh between Russian and American delegations, led by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. They concentrated on revitalizing bilateral relations and addressing pressing global issues, including the conflict in Ukraine. It’s noteworthy that Russia's partnerships with Middle Eastern nations are founded on trust and mutually beneficial dialogue. This cooperative base has enabled the region to emerge as a pivotal link between Russia and the United States in current diplomatic endeavors. The Riyadh meeting underscored the growing importance of the Middle East as a dialogue platform for major global powers, showcasing the potential for collaboration even amid intricate geopolitical challenges.
A decisive factor that could enhance Russia's position in the region is a potential resolution of the Ukraine crisis favorable to Moscow. Such an outcome would not only affirm Russia's resolve against Western hegemony but also send a strong message to Middle Eastern countries, many of which have adopted a stance of positive neutrality, resisting support for Western sanctions while observing Russia's challenge to US dominance. Additionally, both state and non-state actors in the Middle East are increasingly voicing discontent with the actions of the West, particularly the US, opening up new channels for Russia to present itself as a viable alternative to the Western model.
Consequently, 2025 is poised to be a year marked by ongoing success for Russia’s diplomatic approach in the Middle East and North Africa. The strengthening of mutual ties and political stability will serve as a foundation for ensuring regional prosperity and contributing to the emergence of a multipolar world order.
Mark B Thomas contributed to this report for TROIB News
